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1 φθείρω
φθείρω fut. φθερῶ; 1 aor. ἔφθειρα. Pass.: 2 fut. φθαρήσομαι; 2 aor. ἐφθάρην; pf. ἔφθαρμαι, ptc. ἐφθαρμένος (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, TestJob 33:4; Test12Patr; ParJer 7:26; Philo, Ar., Just., Tat.) gener. ‘destroy, ruin’① to cause harm to in a physical manner or in outward circumstances, destroy, ruin, corrupt, spoilⓐ ruin financially τινά someone, so perh. 2 Cor 7:2 (s. 2a below).ⓑ The expr. εἴ τις τὸν ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ φθείρει 1 Cor 3:17 seems to be derived fr. the idea of the destruction of a house (X., Mem. 1, 5, 3 τὸν οἶκον τὸν ἐαυτοῦ φθείρειν. Oft in marriage contracts: Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 284, 11 [II B.C.]; PTebt 104, 29 [92 B.C.] et al.).ⓒ seduce a virgin (Eur. et al.; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 9 Jac.; Diod S 1, 23, 4; Jos., Ant. 4, 252; Just., A I, 9, 4) οὐθὲ Εὔα φθείρεται, ἀλλὰ παρθένος πιστεύεται nor is Eve corrupted; instead, a virgin is trusted Dg 12:8 (πιστεύω 1f).ⓓ pass. be ruined, be doomed to destruction by earthly transitoriness or otherw. (Epict. 2, 5, 12 τὸ γενόμενον καὶ φθαρῆναι δεῖ; TestJob 33:4 ἡ δόξα αὐτοῦ [τοῦ κόσμου] φθαρήσεται; Just., A II, 11, 5 κάλλει τῷ ῥέοντι καὶ φθειρομένῳ) of cultic images Dg 2:4. Of a man bowed down by old age αὐτοῦ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἤδη ἐφθαρμένον ἀπὸ τῶν προτέρων αὐτοῦ πράξεων his spirit, which had already degenerated from its former condition (s. πρᾶξις 6) Hv 3, 12, 2 (cp. Ocellus [II B.C.] c. 23 Harder [1926] φθείρονται ἐξ ἀλλήλων).② to cause deterioration of the inner life, ruin, corruptⓐ ruin or corrupt τινά someone, by erroneous teaching or immorality, so perh. 2 Cor 7:2 (s. 1a above). ἥτις ἔφθειρεν τὴν γῆν (=τοὺς ἀνθρώπους; see γῆ 2) ἐν τῇ πορνείᾳ αὐτῆς Rv 19:2. Pass. (UPZ 20, 17 [163 B.C.]; TestJud 19:4 ἐν ἁμαρτίαις φθαρείς) τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον τὸν φθειρόμενον κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας Eph 4:22. Cp. Hs 8, 9, 3 v.l.ⓑ ruin or corrupt τὶ someth. by misleading tactics πίστιν θεοῦ ἐν κακῇ διδασκαλίᾳ IEph 16:2. The ἐκκλησία (opp. τηρεῖν) 2 Cl 14:3ab. On φθείρουσιν ἤθη χρηστὰ ὁμιλίαι κακαί 1 Cor 15:33 cp. ἦθος. Pass. be led astray (Jos., Bell. 4, 510) μήπως φθαρῇ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀπλότητος (νόημα 2) 2 Cor 11:3 (φθ. of the seduction of a virgin, s. 1c above).③ to inflict punishment, destroy in the sense ‘punish w. eternal destruction’ 1 Cor 3:17b (=‘punish by destroying’ as Jer 13:9). Pass. 2 Pt 2:12; Jd 10. ἔφθαρται (w. ἀπώλετο) IPol 5:2.④ break rules of a contest, violate rules, ἀγῶνα φθείρειν t.t. (SIG 1076, 3) 2 Cl 7:4; cp. vs. 5 (here in imagery).—B. 758. DELG. M-M. TW. -
2 φθείρω
+ V 4-1-6-7-2=20 Gn 6,11; Ex 10,15; Lv 19,27; Dt 34,7; 1 Chr 20,1A: to destroy, to mar [τι] Lv 19,27; to destroy, to ravage [τι] 1 Chr 20,1; to corrupt [τινα] 4 Mc 18,8; to seduce [τινα] Ez 16,52; to punish by destroying [τι] Jer 13,9P: to be morally corrupted Gn 6,11 *Ex 10,15 ἐφθάρη it was destroyed-חתשׁת for MT ךשׁתח it was darkened; *Jb 15,32 φθαρήσεται it shall wither-תמל for MT תמלא it shall be completedCf. LE BOULLUEC 1989, 138; WEVERS 1990, 153; →NIDNTT; TWNT(→διαφθείρω, καταφθείρω,,) -
3 avenge
اِنْتَقَمَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. \ ثَأَرَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. -
4 revenge
اِنْتَقَمَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. \ ثَأَرَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. -
5 ثأر
ثَأَرَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. \ ثَأَرَ (اِنْتَقَم) لِنَفْسِه \ retaliate: to do harm in return for harm that one has suffered: He kicked me on purpose, and I retaliated by knocking him down. \ ثَأَرَ من \ get one’s own back (on): to punish sb. for sth. bad done to one by that person: He hit me, but I’ll get my own back (on him). -
6 انتقم
اِنْتَقَمَ \ avenge: to do sth. to punish sb. for the wrong he has done: They avenged their friend’s death by killing his murderer. revenge: to take one’s revenge: We revenged ourselves on our father’s murderer, by destroying all his possessions. \ اِنْتَقَمَ \ retaliate: to do harm in return for harm that one has suffered: He kicked me on purpose, and I retaliated by knocking him down. \ See Also ثَأَرَ لِنَفْسِه
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